The Atlantic House
Introduction
Text-to-speech Audio
Images
This post card, presumably from the late 1800’s shows the façade of the tavern with the portrait of fisherman Frank Potter Smith who purchased the establishment in the early 1870’s and gave it its now iconic name.
This photograph, taken in September 2005, shows that the establishment looks very much like what it used to when it first became the Atlantic House. In this photograph there are no signs that this is a gay bar, which maintains the building's history.
This is a post card circa 1905 that also depicts the facade of the A-House. The building has not undergone many physical changes since it was built in 1798.
Backstory and Context
Text-to-speech Audio
Originally founded in 1798, what is now called the Atlantic House has been one of Provincetown’s favorited establishments for locals and tourists alike for centuries. A tavern was created at this location by the town’s postmaster Daniel Pease for local fishermen. Provincetown thrived on the fishing industry for almost the next two centuries[1]. Throughout the nineteenth century the town prospered from the whaling industry and was rivaled only by close by New Bedford[2], Massachusetts. Patrons of the tavern at this time were mostly Portuguese Catholic fishermen. In the 1800’s the tavern was purchased by Benjamin Allstrum and was renamed the Allstrum House. By the early 1870s Frank Potter Smith bought the tavern and gave it its current name. Although the town was a large fishing port, it did not have many full-time residents. During the quiet winters in the early twentieth century, artists such as Tennessee Williams flocked to Provincetown, bringing their gay acquaintances with them[3].
As members of the LGTBQ community began to gather in Provincetown, they frequented establishments such as The A-House. By 1950, managers and owners had decided it was time to make patrons feel welcome without having to hide their identities. Reginald Cabral became the sole owner of the establishment and declared the Atlantic House a gay bar in the mid 1950’s. This was a welcome addition to a community that had quickly become a getaway for members of the LGTB population. From then on, the bar began to host drag shows, giving the gay population a place to call their own in a town that still held traditional “New England Yankee” and Roman Catholic beliefs. Professor Sandra Faiman-Silva of Bridgewater State University writes, “Cabral delighted in drag performance and became a part of Provincetown’s gender transgressive culture, not with fear or aversion, but as a ‘fellow traveler’ embracing a more expansive construction of self[4].” Because safe spaces were being created in Provincetown, the tourist industry began to grow.
By the 1970’s the fish population had been depleted and fishermen had to find new sources of income. According to Professor Faiman-Silva, some turned their boating opportunities into tourism related enterprises. Boats began running tours of the sand dunes and whale watching excursions and other fishermen went into retail sales. The Atlantic House could not have been declared an openly pro-gay establishment at a better time. New tourists were attracted to a welcoming and inviting town. Members of the gay population who made the journey to Provincetown because of its accepting culture began to spend more money on traditional tourist activities, which saved the town’s economy.
Today the Atlantic House is divided into three different bars. The Big Room is home to Provincetown’s largest and only year-round dance club. The Little Bar is a traditional cruise bar while the Macho Bar caters to the leather and Levi members of the gay population. Aside from being a gay bar, the establishment is very welcoming and accommodating to straight community members and tourists as well. The Atlantic House has both rich historical and cultural values for the community of Provincetown. It is one of the nation’s oldest gay bars, which helped to build an industry at a time when Provincetown needed one the most.
[1] "The A-House: The Tradition Continues " The A-House: The Tradition Continues : Accessed November 09, 2016. http://ahouse.com/index3.html.
[2] Deborah A. Minsky, “A whaling heritage; Major exhibit recalls Provincetown as a “Forgotten Port,” The Cape Codder (2014): 37.
[3] "Provincetown LGBT." Visitprovincetown RSS2. Accessed November 09, 2016. http://www.visit-provincetown.com/ptown-lgbt-friendly-2/.
[4] Sandra L. Faiman-Silva, “Provincetown queer: Paradoxes of ‘identity, space and place’”. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change 7, no 3. (2009): 206 accessed October 14, 2016, doi: 10. 1080/14766820903267363.
Sources
Atlantic House Postcard circa 1905. 1905. Provincetown. In The Atlantic House P-town. Accessed November 9, 2016. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Ptown_A-House_c_1905.jpg/300px-Ptown_A-Hou....
Faiman-Silva,
Sandra L. “Provincetown queer: Paradoxes of ‘identity, space and place.’” Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change
7, no 3. (2009): 203-20.
McMorrow, Brian J. Atlantic House, Provincetown. September 18, 2005. Brian J. McMorrow Galleries, Provincetown. In Brian J. McMorrow Galleries. http://www.pbase.com/bmcmorrow/image/101289638.
Minsky, Deborah M. “A whaling heritage; Major exhibit recalls Provincetown as a “Forgotten Port.” The Cape Codder (2014): 37.
"Provincetown LGBT." Visitprovincetown RSS2. Accessed November 09, 2016. http://www.visit-provincetown.com/ptown-lgbt-friendly-2/.
"The A-House:The Tradition Continues " The A-House: The Tradition Continues : Accessed November 09, 2016. http://ahouse.com/index3.html.
Atlantic House, Provincetown, Mass. Remaining in Provincetown, Provincetown. In Gay Party. Compiled by S. N. Cook. Accessed October 30, 2016. https://remaininginprovincetown.com/tag/gay-party/.