Ten Pavilions are situated along the east and west sides of the University of Virginia's Academical Village. Centered around the Lawn, the Academical Village was designed by Thomas Jefferson as a unique environment where both students and faculty could live and study. Each pavilion represents an academic discipline as conceived by Jefferson, an order of ancient architecture, and was intended to be occupied by a professor of the "useful science" with which it was associated. No two are exactly alike. Living in the Pavilions off the Lawn is a great honor for University of Virginia students.

Merton Spire in the Pavilion VI Garden. It was carved for the Merton College Chapel, Oxford in 1451. In 1928, it was given to U.Va to honor Jefferson's educational ideals

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Architectural drawings of the Pavilions at U.Va

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"At Home in History: Pavilion residents bring personal touches to revered buildings"

Pavilion VI is one of ten unique residential/educational structures lining the west and east sides of the Lawn at the University of Virginia. This building was designed by Thomas Jefferson as part of his Academical Village. It is distinguishable by the lack of a portico on its facade. It is instead fronted by one-story columnns of the colonnade. Double doors on its upper and lower levels flank double-hung windows. The centerpiece of Pavilion IV's garden is a stone spire sculpture that was presented by presented by Merton College, Oxford. The first resident of Pavilion VI was Thomas Hewitt Key.

Pavilion VI

Few have been as influential in the founding and the design of an academic institution as Thomas Jefferson was at the University of Virginia. His "Academical Village" was intended to become a community of students and faculty living and studying within an architecturally unified space. At the heart of this space, surrounded by buildings designed by Jefferson himself, is the Lawn. Framing the Lawn are ten pavilions representing each of the academic disciplines as conceptualized by Jefferson. At the north end is the world-famous Rotunda building, a half-scale model of the Pantheon. At the southern end are three structures designed by noted architect Sanford White. Internationally recognized as an architectural masterpiece, the Academical Village is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The Rotunda sits on the original site of the University of Virginia. While designing the Rotunda, Jefferson referred frequently to a painting of the Pantheon. It has been noted that the Rotunda's dome is precisely half of that found in the Pantheon. The construction took four years (1822-1826) and was completed after Jefferson's death. The total cost of construction was $57,773. The Rotunda was used to hold a library, classroom space, and laboratory for the University of Virginia. In 1895 a fire burned all but the brick foundations of the building. First hand accounts note that students worked to remove the educational materials that they could before the fire engulfed the building. Because the dome and the additional annex of the building were entirely built of wood they were completely destroyed in the fire. The Rotunda was rebuilt from 1898-1899 by McKim, Mead, and White&nbsp;of New York. The design was modified slightly by Stanford White. White included a fireproof dome that was larger than Jefferson's original and did not rebuild the Annex. In 1972 the US Bicentennial Committee sought to restore the Rotunda to Jefferson's original design.&nbsp;&nbsp;The dome was restored to three stories, the skylight was given a simpler design,&nbsp;and the interior design choices made by White in 1899 were restored to the original design. The construction was completed by 1976 for the Bicentennial.&nbsp;

The Rotunda was designed by Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States. It is believed Jefferson was inspired by the Pantheon in Rome. Construction began in 1822 and was completed in 1826. In 1895 a fire destroyed the entirety of the wooden dome of the Rotunda and an Annex that had been added for additional classroom space. In 1898 the dome was rebuilt with a slightly modified design by Stanford White. The interior of the Rotunda was completely rebuilt in 1976 to reflect Jefferson's original design. 

The Rotunda, University of Virginia

The Pavilions are located along the east and west sides of the University of Virginia's Academical Village. Centered around the Lawn, the Academical Village was designed by Thomas Jefferson as a unique environment where scholars would live and study in an architecturally unified space. The ten pavilions each represent an academic discipline, an order of ancient architecture, and were intended to recognize the dignity of each subject. Pavilion I is characterized by its four plastered white-painted columnns, topped by Doric capitals manufactured in Charlottesville, Virginia. The Chinese-inspired trellis on the second floor was designed by Jefferson himself. Pavilion I's first occupant was John Patton Emmet, professor of natural history, who taught chemistry, botany, and comparative anatomy. His botanical experiments included growing grapes, rare flours, fruit trees, and Chinese mulberries on which to raise silkworms. The garden soon overgrew the available space. In response, Emmet purchased property near the pavilion; it is still called "Morea" after the botanical name for mulberry. In 1997, the morning of the graduation ceremony commencement, the balcony on the second level of Pavilion I collapsed. Investigations into the matter revealed that the cause was a single corroded wrought iron tension rod and a lack of redundancies in the design. As the rod was concealed within a supporting wooden beam, there were no visible signs of the corrosion prior to the collapse. In response, the rods were replaced by ones made of stainless steel that look identical to the originals.

Pavilion I is a historic building located within Thomas Jefferson's Academical Village at the University of Virginia. The structure adjoins the steps of the Rotunda steps on the west side. Completed in 1822, it was the fifth pavilion to be constructed. It features columnns topped by Doric capitals, central doorways on the first two floors, and a center chimney. It is distinguished by the Chinese-inspired trellis on its second floor.

Pavilion I

The Lawn is located at the heart of the University of Virginia campus. This terraced, grassy field (35-acres in total) is a favorite spot for student recreational activities and is the site of numerous university ceremonies. These include opening ceremonies, fall convocation, and final exercises. The "Lighting of the Lawn" is an annual event that illuminates the Rotunda and marks the beginning of winter. As the central component of Thomas Jefferson's Academical Village, it is framed by student and faculty housing. The most famous building on the Lawn, the Rotunda, is located on the northern end. To the south is Old Cabell Hall, which was constructed later and does not follow Jefferson's original design. Jefferson's vision for the Lawn was to provide an alternative to traditional English university quadrangle. He specified plans for a U-shaped model with a central dome, perhaps influenced by Joseph Jacques Ramée's design for Union College, Benjamin Latrobe's design for a military academy, the designs of Palladio, and his own residence at Monticello. The Lawn consists of four rows of colonnades on which alternate student rooms and larger structures. The inner rank of colonnades contains ten pavilions and 54 rooms for students. There are 206 columnns surrounding the lawn. The ten pavilions of the lawn reflect Jefferson's classification of the branches of learning. Each features a distinctive design and, as a whole were intended to be a model for architectural study. Opposite the Pavillions and Lawn rooms are ten quiet gardens. The outermost row of buildings on either side, considered the edge of the Academical Village, are known as "the Range" and serve as graduate student housing. Garry Wills described the overall effect as "paradoxical," stating that the design alternated between "regimentation and individual expression," "hierarchical order," "relaxed improvising." However, "it is the reconciliation of these apparent irreconcilables that is the genius of the system."1 The rooms on the Lawn provided space for 216 student residents. Enrollment at the university, however, increased quickly. By 1861, students were seeking other university-approved accommodations. During the Second World War, the rooms were used as barracks for officer candidates. Today, living on the Lawn is considered a great honor. Meanwhile, the Pavillions were used as faculty housing and classrooms. Prior to the American Civil War, these pavilions housed professors, their families, and their slaves. Students were not permitted to bring their slaves on campus, but professors did, housing them in Pavillion or Hotel cellars or in outbuildings. One slave owned by the university, Lewis Commodore, lived in the Rotunda itself for two years. The Rotunda is the most notable feature of the Lawn. In 1853, an Annex was added to the building, which provided classroom and meeting space. A fire gutted the Rotunda in 1895, destroying most of the university's library. Following the fire, the architect Stanford White (of McKim, Mead, and White) was hired to rebuild the structure. In addition, he created several new academic buildings at the base of the lawn to replace the Annex: Cocke Hall, Rouss Hall, and Cabell Hall. These buildings enclosed the southern view of the Blue Ridge Mountains and forced U.Va's subsequent architectural expansion to occur outside of the Academical Village. Most recently, improvements to the Lawn have been accomplished as part of the "South Lawn Project." This effort generated controversy but was finally completed in 2010. By the end of the project, over 100,000 square feet of classroom and office space were added, as was a bridge over Jefferson Park Avenue. The Lawn is listed on the National Register of Historic Places (added 1970), the Virginia Landmarks Registry (added 1970), and is designated as a National Historical Landmark District (designated 1971). Along with the original buildings of U.Va and Monticello, the Lawn is also a contributing part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The Lawn is a terraced, grassy court at the center of Thomas Jefferson's Academical Village. The term "Lawn" also can refer to the original grounds designed by Jefferson for U.Va. It consists of four rows of colonnades, student/faculty housing, and several larger buildings, such as the Rotunda. The Lawn is a designated U.S. National Historical Landmark District and included as part of the Monticello UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The Lawn (U.Va)

The Pavilions are located along the east and west sides of the University of Virginia's Academical Village. Centered around the Lawn, the Academical Village was designed by Thomas Jefferson as a unique environment where scholars would live and study in an architecturally unified space. The ten pavilions each represent an academic discipline, an order of ancient architecture, and were intended to recognize the dignity of each subject. The second of the ten first buildings at U.Va, Pavilion III was built between 1818 and 1821 based on Jefferson's plans. His design was inspired by the Temple of Antoninus and Faustina in Rome, as illustrated in Palladio's Book Four. Pavilion III is unique in that it remains largely unchanged from its original appearance, at least at first glance. It was constructed with two front entrances. The central entrance led to a classroom, the second to a faculty residence. This plan reflects Jefferson's intent to create a living/learning space at the university. Originally, it also featured a parapet atop the roof. Pavillion III's construction effort was supervised by Irish carpenter and builder, James Dinsmore. The masons John Perry and Matthew Brown were responsible for laying the brick for the structure, although Brown's involvement may have been limited. The tinsmith Asa H. Brooks applied the roofing and gutters on the pavilion. His initials are still visible on a stud in the gable. The decision to use tin instead of wood shingles for the pavilion roofs was an expensive one, with Pavilion III's tin expense being the largest ($304) of any other single pavilion, hotel, or range of dormitories. The interior ornamentation in Pavilion III is the work of sculptor William Coffee. The exterior features columnns of the Corinthian order carved from Italian Carrara marble, which was imported into the United States as "educational materials" to save on the customs duty. Jefferson was highly experienced in building columnns, which he also used extensively at Monticello. Sculptors Michele and Giacomo Raggi were hired to carve the capitals, which arrived in Richmond on board the Draco in 1823. The installation of the capitals marked the completion of the University pavilions. The residents of Pavilion III have included numerous professors and institutional occupants. From 1924-1953, the building housed the Graduate Department, sharing space with The Virginia Quarterly Review from 1925-1929. In 1953, it was home to the Institute of Public Affairs, though it departed shortly thereafter as President Colgate Darden sought to reestablish Jefferson's original idea of using the structures on the Lawn as student and faculty housing.

Pavilion III is a historic structure located within Thomas Jefferson's Academical Village at the University of Virginia. Completed in 1821, this building was constructed based on plans drawn by Jefferson in 1817 and inspired by the Temple of Antoninus and Faustina in Rome. Pavilion III's columnns are styled after the Corinthian order and feature Carrara marble capitals. Unlike most other pavilions at U.Va, this structure has not undergone any major structural additions or alterations and is one of only two pavilions that has not been enlarged.

Pavilion III

Ten Pavilions are situated along the east and west sides of the University of Virginia's Academical Village. Centered around the Lawn, the Academical Village was designed by Thomas Jefferson as a unique environment where students and faculty could live and study. Each pavilion represents an academic discipline as conceived by Jefferson, an order of ancient architecture, and was intended to be occupied by a professor of the "useful science" with which it was associated. No two are exactly alike. Pavilion VII was the first of the ten to be constructed, with James Monroe laying the cornerstone in 1817. This brick structure features upper floor, one-story Doric portico tops and boasts an arcaded lower level. Other elements, such as the deep gallery, upper and lower center doors, triple-sash "walk-out" windows, and lattice railings were also used in the design of the later Pavilions. The building has undergone several modifications since its initial construction. Once the smallest Pavilion, it became the largest after additions were added in 1855 and 1913. In between 1998 and 2001, it underwent significant restoration work. It has eight guest rooms, each with a private bath, and the public rooms may be rented for events. Pavilion VII now serves as a faculty club, called the Colonnade Club, which was founded in 1907 to "foster social, cultural, and intellectual interchange among its members and to promote the welfare of the University and its faculty."1 Pavilion VII's garden is the work of landscape architect Alden Hopkins, known for his work at Colonial Williamsburg and the Garden Club of Virginia. At U.Va, Hopkins restored the garden walls and designed a layout which incorporated both Jefferson's vision and his own.

Pavilion VII is the oldest building on the U.Va Lawn. Also called the Colonnade Club, this Pavilion houses a faculty club that features reception facilities and overnight guest rooms. As the first of ten, many architectural elements expressed by this structure carried over into the other Pavilions. James Monroe laid the cornerstone for Pavilion VII on October 6, 1817, during a ceremony attended by James Madison and Thomas Jefferson. 

Pavilion VII

Ten Pavilions are situated along the east and west sides of the University of Virginia's Academical Village. Centered around the Lawn, the Academical Village was designed by Thomas Jefferson as a unique environment where students and faculty could live and study. Each pavilion represents an academic discipline as conceived by Jefferson, an order of ancient architecture, and was intended to be occupied by a professor of the "useful science" with which it was associated. No two Pavilions in the Jeffersonian Precinct of the U.Va campus are exactly alike. Situated on the western side of the Lawn, Pavilion IX is a unique structure in that it breaks from the traditional design and introduces the French Neo-classic style, which was popular in the early 18th Century. Jefferson collaborated heavily with Benjamin Henry Latrobe, the first professionally trained architect in the United States, in the design of both Pavilion IX and the Rotunda. Latrobe was also Jefferson's Surveyor of Public Buildings. Pavilion IX was intended to adapt the Ionic order based on the Temple of Fortuna virilis of Palladio. Jefferson prepared studies for the elevation and floor plans on a piece of engraved graph paper. A notation at the top features the name "Latrobe," suggesting the architect's involvement in the design of the facade (which incorporates an entrance niche). Construction was underway by the autumn of 1820. The work was done by individuals also involved in the construction and decoration of the other Pavilions, such as A.H. Brooks (who did the tin roofing) and William J. Coffee (the sculptor charged with decorating the interior, most likely the frieze in the professor's parlor on the second floor). The first occupant of Pavilion IX was George Tucker, Professor of Ethics and author of the first American science fiction novel, A Voyage to the Moon, which he wrote after taking up residence here in 1825. Another notable resident was Reverend William McGuffy, author of McGuffey's Eclectic Readers. The garden of Pavilion IX once featured an ash tree said to have been planted by McGuffy. The ash tree lived over a century until it died of old age in 1990. A scion was planted in its place. Numerous small modifications have been made to Pavilion IX since it was built. Recently, in 2007, the University and Mesick-Cohen-Wilson-Baker Architects undertook a detailed study into the building's "Chinese"-style rails. The findings of this report were used to recreate the original rails from Jefferson's time, which would serve as a prototype for a full restoration of the Lawn's Chinese rails. The 2007 work replaced 1976 wood railings based on historic images, which themselves replaced a 19th-Century, Gothic Revival cast-iron balustrade.

Pavilion IX is located on the western edge of the Lawn, as are all odd-numbered Pavilions in U.Va's Jeffersonian Precinct. This Pavilion is notable as a departure from tradition as it incorporates elements of the French Neo-classic style. Thomas Jefferson collaborated significantly with noted architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe while designing Pavilion IX. The structure features wood "Chinese" rails along the colonnade's terrace-roof.

Pavilion IX

Cocke Hall, which sits on the south end of the Lawn at U.Va, flanks Cabell Hall and faces across from Rouss Hall. These structures are designed in a similar fashion to the more elaborate Cabell Hall. The Lawn was the heart of Thomas Jefferson's "Academical Village," the community of students and faculty living and studying within an architecturally unified space. Cocke Hall is a fine example of Neo-Classical Revival. It was amongst the three buildings designed by the notable architect Stanford White, built to compensate for the loss of the Rotunda Annex. The Rotunda and its extending structure, the Annex, had been destroyed in a devastating fire in 1895. The fire gutted the building and burned most of the contents of the school's library, except for the few books rescued by students. Cocke, Rouss, and Old Cabell Hall were intended to function as academic buildings. Their construction permanently closed off the south end of the Lawn, setting its dimensions permanently and obstructing the view of the Blue Ridge Mountains. This structure is named for John Hartwell Cocke II, an American military officer, planter, and businessmen. Cocke was also an associate of Jefferson's. He resided at a large plantation mansion at Upper Bremo (now a National Historic District) designed by master builder John Neilson, who had also worked on Monticello. In 1819, Cocke was appointed by Governor James Patton Preston to the first Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. He retired from the board in 1852. Though he had inherited a number of slaves, Cocke is known for his hostile attitude toward slavery. He provided educational and training opportunities for slaves in order to prepare them for life as free people and spent his own money to send these freed slaves to the colony in Liberia. His diaries have been the subject of much academic interest, as they reference the relationship between Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemmings. Cocke did not reveal the details of the relationship until after Jefferson's death.

Cocke Hall is located on the Lawn of the University of Virginia campus. Designed by Standford White of McKim, Mead & White, this Jefferson Revival building was completed in 1898 as part of an effort to replace classroom space lost in a fire that gutted the Rotunda. Cocke Hall, named after an associate of Thomas Jefferson, originally housed the Mechanical Laboratory. Today, it is used as classroom and office space. 

Cocke Hall

Blind Homer With His Student Guide is a bronze figure depicting a man, thought to be the ancient bard Homer, clad in classical garb. He sits on a bench covered with a cloth and is attended to by a youthful student guide. Homer has placed his left hand on the guide's head. The young Egyptian assistant, facing east, carries in his left hand a writing tablet or musical instrument. The sculpture sits on a base of Black marble, donated by the artist. The dimensions are approximately: 6 x 3 x 5 ft. (figure group); 41 x 48 x 64 in. (upper base); 7 x 67 x 140 in. (lower base). This sculpture was created in 1907 by Virginia native Moses Jacob Ezekiel (October 28, 1844 – March 27, 1917) from his studio in Rome. The statue was commissioned by J.W. Simpson, a New York lawyer who presented it to Amherst College as a gift. For unknown reasons, Amherst refused the sculpture. Thomas Nelson Page, an active member of the U.Va Alumni Association who had visited Ezekiel's studio, contacted U.Va President Edwin Alderman about securing the work for the university. Ezekiel visited the campus and chose the South Lawn, where the Cabell, Cocke, and Rouss Halls were just being completed, as the location for the piece. Of the sculpture, Simpson wrote in 1906: <blockquote>I am delighted with the spirit with which you accept the Homer group of Moses Ezekiel. My own college having no suitable place for it, the University of Virginia seemed to me its natural home.1 </blockquote>Moses Jacob Ezekiel was the first Jewish cadet to attend the Virginia Military Institute and a Civil War veteran, where he fought for the Confederate Army. He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery near one of his own pieces: The Confederate Soldier's Memorial. He is also the artist responsible for the Jefferson Statue in front of the Rotunda.

Blind Homer With His Student Guide is a bronze sculpture by noted Jewish American soldier and artist Moses Jacob Ezekiel. It depicts the Greek poet Homer, author of the Illiad and the Odyssey, accompanied by an Egyptian student guide. The statue was completed and acquired by U.Va in 1907, along with a bronze of Thomas Jefferson. The Homer sculpture is located on "The Lawn" at the University of Virginia in front of Cabell Hall.

Blind Homer With His Student Guide (Sculpture)

Three days after the fire that destroyed the Rotunda and its attached classrooms (October 27, 1895), the Board of Visitors launched a program to rebuild the library and replace lost auditorium space. The proposed "Academical Building" was to contain a public hall in order to meet the latter need. Architect Stanford White of the New York firm McKim, Mead, and White was hired to design the new building. Construction on Cabell Hall completed in 1898 and the subsequently named after Joseph Carrington Cabell. Cabell was a friend of Thomas Jefferson and made significant contributions to the university. "New" Cabell Hall, added in the 1950s, wraps around White's 1898 building. The exterior features a pediment sculpture by George J. Zolnay, completed in 1898. This sculpture is an allegorical piece based on John 8:16: "Ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free."1 In front of the hall is a bronze sculpture of the poet Homer and his guide, created in 1907 by Moses J. Ezekiel. Inside the structure is U.Va's primary concert and lecture hall, which hosts musical and speaking events—such as the 1998 appearance by the Dalai Lama. When it was constructed, the "public hall" had a capacity of 1,500 persons. The seats were made of molded plywood and divided into 600 seats below the railings and additional seating in the gallery, with standing room behind the railing and next to the wall. Subsequent renovations to improve accessibility and the quality of the seating, however, have shrunk the capacity to 851. There are several notable works of art within Cabell Hall. Copied from the Rotunda Annex was a mural of Raphael's painting, School of Athens. The mural, created in 1902, was commissioned by an anonymous alumnus. It is the work of painter George W. Breck. In 2000, the University of Virginia added a mural by Lincoln Perry, entitled The Student's Progress. Perry's mural depicts a young woman's experience at U.Va. The Skinner Organ in the auditorium was gifted to the university in 1906 by Andrew Carnegie; it was dedicated during a recital by Samuel Baldwin on March 18, 1907.

Old Cabell Hall is located at the south end of the Lawn on the University of Virginia campus. Constructed between 1895 and 1898, this structure was intended to replace lost classroom and auditorium space following the Rotunda fire of 1895. Originally called the "Academical Building," it was renamed in 1898 in recognition of Joseph Carrington Cabell for his service to the university. "New" Cabell Hall wraps around the 1898 building. Today, Cabell houses the Hall McIntire Department of Music and the Music Library, in addition to the University's primary lecture and concert hall.

Old Cabell Hall

The McIntire School of Commerce is the University of Virginia's undergraduate school of business and the graduate school of business for Commerce, Accounting, and Management of Information Technology. It is located in Rouss Hall and the adjoining Robertson Hall, which are both situated on the southeast corner of the Lawn. The Lawn is the central space of Thomas Jefferson's "Academical Village." Rouss Hall originally was originally the Physical Laboratory. It is named for the principal donor, Charles Broadway Rouss, a New York City merchant. Rouss opened in 1898 following the Rotunda fire of 1895 which gutted the structure and its Annex. The Neo-Classical Revival building was designed by Sanford White of the architectural firm McKim, Mead and White. In 2005, a major renovation effort of Rouss Hall began. The project added the 132,000-square-foot Robertson Hall, creating a 156,00-square-foot academic complex at the southern end of Jefferson's historic lawn. The renovations, completed in 2007, were largely financed by John A. Griffin (COMM '85), who suggested a name for the adjoining structure. Robertson Hall, therefore, is named to honor financier Julian H. Robertson Jr. and his wife, Josie. In order to complete the project, the 150-year-old Varsity Hall had to be moved 185 downhill from its original site. Robertson was designed by Hartman-Cox Architects to serve as high-tech academic spaces for interdisciplinary study. Of particular note is the building's "green roof," the first of its kind at U.Va.

Rouss Hall is located on the Lawn at U.Va and faces across from Cocke Hall. It was designed by noted architect Sanford White, who also designed Cabell and Cocke Halls. Following the fire at 1895 fire at the Rotunda, White was charged with creating academic buildings to replace the lost classroom and meeting space. The White buildings closed off the Lawn at the southern end and permanently defined its dimensions. Today, Rouss Hall and Robertson Hall house the McIntire School of Commerce.

Rouss Hall

Ten Pavilions are situated along the east and west sides of the University of Virginia's Academical Village. Centered around the Lawn, the Academical Village was designed by Thomas Jefferson as a unique environment where students and faculty could live and study. Each pavilion represents an academic discipline as conceived by Jefferson, an order of ancient architecture, and was intended to be occupied by a professor of the "useful science" with which it was associated. No two Pavilions in the Jeffersonian Precinct of the U.Va campus are exactly alike. The first resident of Pavilion X was Robley Dunglison, Professor of Anatomy and Medicine. One anecdote describes Dunglison inquiring as to whether his Pavilion was a suitable location for classroom dissections, prompting Jefferson to design an Anatomical Theatre. The theatre stood west of the West Range until the 1930s. Another former occupant of Pavilion X was beloved Professor of Law, John A. G. Davis, whose tragic murder outside his front door is often cited as the inspiration of the Honor System.

Pavilion X is located on the east side of the terraced lawn at the point where it makes its steepest drop. This Pavilion has a much narrower gallery than the others and features Greek-style columnns that sit flat on the ground. The cornice is decorated in the Doric style. Beginning in 2009, work began on restoring Pavilion X to more closely resemble its original appearance. The biggest change was the construction of an attic parapet, the original having been removed as early as the mid-1800s for unknown reasons.

Pavilion X

Ten Pavilions are situated along the east and west sides of the University of Virginia's Academical Village. Centered around the Lawn, the Academical Village was designed by Thomas Jefferson as a unique environment where students and faculty could live and study. Each pavilion represents an academic discipline as conceived by Jefferson, an order of ancient architecture, and was intended to be occupied by a professor of the "useful science" with which it was associated. No two are exactly alike. The Academical Village has been referred to as the "greatest surviving masterpiece of the classical revival in America."1 Jefferson designed all five of the Pavilions on the east Lawn, including Pavilion VIII, in fifteen days in June 1819. The appearance of the Pavilions was inspired by the classical orders as described in Andrea Palladio's Four books of Architecture and Freart de Chambray's Parallele de 1'Architecture. Pavilion VIII draws from the Corinthian order, adapted from Diocletian's Baths as illustrated by Chambray in the 1766 edition of Parallele. Construction on this structure took place between April 1821 and September 1824 for a total cost of $10,786.86. Many of the contractors and workmen involved were already familiar to Jefferson. The lumber and carpentry were the responsibility of James Dinsmore and the bricks were supplied by John M. Perry and Abiah B. Thorn. Because the stone native to Charlottesville was too hard to carve into Corinthian capitals, Bernard Peyton sourced marble from Carrara, Italy. Artisans such as Edward Lawber of Philadelphia and W.J. Coffee worked on the glazing and ornamentation, respectively. Many professors have lived and taught from Pavilion VIII. There are conflicting reports as to Pavilion VIII's first resident. Some sources give the distinction to Charles Bonnycastle, a lecturer on National Philosophy, others to Professor of Mathematics Thomas Hewitt Key. Each professor received a salary of $1,500 and an additional $25 for each student. By the mid-1800s, however, the Pavilions were no longer used for classes. University President Colgate Darden moved his office to Pavilion VIII in 1948. After President Frank Hereford moved his offices to Madison Hall, restoration work began on Pavilion VIII. It had undergone several modifications since its construction, including expansions and painting. In 1985, restorations workers used surgical scalpels to remove layers of paint in order to determine the original colors. Individuals trained in "graining," a process of finishing pine to resemble mahogany, were also employed. Ultimately, the restoration helped return Pavilion VIII to a close approximation of its original appearance.

Pavillion VIII is one of ten Pavilions located on the edge of the Lawn at the University of Virginia. It is recognizable by its classical Corinthian motif. Though Thomas Jefferson was the primary designer of the original structures within the Academical Village, his notebooks attribute Pavilion VIII's design to the architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe. The first resident of this building was Thomas Hewitt Key, Professor of Mathematics. Key, however, remained only two years before returning to his native England, reportedly upset by disorder amongst the students.

Pavilion VIII

The Pavilions are located along the east and west sides of the University of Virginia's Academical Village. Centered around the Lawn, the Academical Village was designed by Thomas Jefferson as a unique environment where scholars would live and study in an architecturally unified space. The ten pavilions each represent an academic discipline, an order of ancient architecture, and were intended to recognize the dignity of each subject. Pavilion IV is situated on the East side of the Lawn. Like the other pavilions, it was designed by Jefferson and represents a specific architectural order; in this case, the Doric order. Its design was inspired by the depiction of the Doric Order of the Temple of Albano in Roland Freart de Chambray's Parallele. Originally, it featured a three-bay temple-front with a central door. The door was relocated to the south end during a renovation. The triple-sash "walk-out" windows are similar to those used at Monticello. In 1984, this pavilion received the Charles E. Peterson Prize, First Place. This structure was intended to serve as faculty housing and a lecture hall. The first occupant of Pavilion IV was a professor of Modern Languages, George Blaetterman. He is notorious for shirking his duties, constructing a smokehouse in the yard, and for painting Pavilion IV red. Blaetterman was excused from his position in 1838. From 1904 to 1948 the building housed the office of the University's president. Since 1948, however, it has been a faculty residence. Behind the structure is a boxwood garden planted by Professor Schele de Vere.

Pavilion IV is one of ten pavilions on the Lawn of the University of Virginia. Like the other structures within the Academical Village (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), this pavilion was designed by Thomas Jefferson. It is modeled after the Temple of Albano in the south of Rome. The building is distinguishable by its coat of red paint, a legacy of its first occupant, George Blaetterman, Professor of Modern Languages.

Pavilion IV

The Pavilions are located along the east and west sides of the University of Virginia's Academical Village. Centered around the Lawn, the Academical Village was designed by Thomas Jefferson as a unique environment where scholars would live and study in an architecturally unified space. The ten pavilions each represent an academic discipline, an order of ancient architecture, and were intended to recognize the dignity of each subject. Pavilion II was designed by Jefferson over the course of fifteen days in 1819. He was 76 at the time. The building was largely complete by 1821. Pavilion II draws upon the Ionic order of the Roman Temple of Fortuna Virilis, as depicted in Andrea Palladio’s Four Books of Architecture. The four, two-story Ionic columnns form three bays and are made of plastered brick. The capitals are carved from Italian Carrara marble. Pavilion II is the only pavilion in the Academical Village to feature a small ventry vestibule in front of the entryway. There are a number of gardens located near U.Va's pavilions. The one at Pavilion II features plants that have both an ornamental and practical purpose. These include a large pecan tree planted by Dean Ivy F. Lewis, blueberry and grape vines, four heirloom varieties of plums, edible Daylilies, and crabapple trees.

Pavilion II is a historical building located on the east side of the Lawn at the University of Virginia. It is situated directly across from Pavilion I at the base of the Rotunda steps. This structure was completed in October of 1822 and is styled after the Ionic order of the Roman Temple of Fortuna Virilis. In 1895, a bucket brigade saved Pavilion II from the fire that gutted the Rotunda.

Thomas Jefferson's Academical Village at U.Va

Pavilion VI

Introduction

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Backstory and Context

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