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Ratification of the 19th Amendment: Timeline and Story Map
Item 7 of 48

Pennsylvania was the center of reform movements starting in the antebellum period, but it was a state that did not grant the vote to women until the 19th Amendment. After the Civil War several organizations formed in the state to advocate for the right to vote. Carrie Burnham attempted to vote in 1871 and took her case to the state Supreme Court; however, the only result was the state amending the constitution to specify “male citizens” in terms of voting rights. Pennsylvania women came close to the vote in 1915 with a state referendum. The state legislature passed an amendment to the state constitution allowing women to vote in 1913 and it went to voters for ratification in 1915. The referendum failed and Pennsylvania women would not get the vote until 1920. Pennsylvania ratified the 19th Amendment on June 24, 1919.


One of the biggest symbols of the PA suffrage movement was a replica of the Liberty Bell named the Justice Bell. Suffragists chained the clapper to the side, saying that they would only ring it when they achieved the vote. The Justice Bell went on tour to support the 1915 referendum that failed. The Justice Bell finally rang on September 25, 1920 after the 19th Amendment was ratified.

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Louise Hall speaking with the Justice Bell in 1915

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"Pennsylvania and the 19th Amendment." National Park Service. August 9, 2019. Accessed June 28, 2021. https://www.nps.gov/articles/pennsylvania-women-s-history.htm.

"Pennsylvania's Role in Achieving Women's Suffrage." Simply Stated. Pennsylvania Department of State. June 25, 2019. Accessed June 28, 2021. https://www.dos.pa.gov/SimplyStated/Pages/Article.aspx?post=25

Image Sources(Click to expand)

"Pennsylvania's Role in Achieving Women's Suffrage." Simply Stated. Pennsylvania Department of State. June 25, 2019. Accessed June 28, 2021. https://www.dos.pa.gov/SimplyStated/Pages/Article.aspx?post=25

"Women's suffrage in Pennsylvania." Wikipedia. Accessed June 28, 2021. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_suffrage_in_Pennsylvania.